




Our cells are the foundation of health and wellness. Disrupting cellular homeostasis can result in cellular injury, even death of the cell. When cellular damage occurs, every organ and tissue is at risk. This is common later in life. Aging is typically associated with numerous degenerative conditions. The battle to slow these symptoms of aging is waged at the cellular level, and healthy cells require the expression of a wide range of antioxidant enzymes to support proper mitochondrial function.
Why are antioxidants important?—and what are mitochondria?
Healthy cells require the correct balance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants. Mitochondria are self-replicating, subcellular organelles, responsible for both the production of most of the energy and ROS in cells. Insufficient antioxidants lead to ROS accumulation, causing damage to mitochondrial DNA and protein. This oxidation—called oxidative stress—is precisely why antioxidants and the modulation of their cellular pathways are critically important. Antioxidants are the frontline warriors in the fight to maintain equilibrium between ROS production and scavenging, also known as mitochondrial redox (oxidation reduction) homeostasis.
Resveratrol (Rv) is a biologically active compound with a wide range of functions. Importantly, as a dynamic phytoalexin metabolite, Rv has strong protective properties to fortify the modulation of cellular antioxidant pathways to maintain the balance of cellular redox status. RvXPRO is the result of expert aging science, professionally formulated with ResveraGEN, which is 99%+ pure trans-Resveratrol. RvXPRO has extremely high antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticarcinogenic and cardioprotective potential, combined with delayed release vegan capsules which are clinically proven to resist stomach acids for targeted absorption in the small intestine, providing maximum bioavailability.
RvXPRO is proudly manufactured in the USA and sold exclusively in the USA. Every batch is third-party tested to ensure professional grade quality and purity. Our packaging includes BPA free ultraviolet glass for superior preservation, as well as FSC mix box material and soy-based inks to help protect forests and promote sustainable practices in the packaging industry.
The science of healthy aging clear: Cell health = Your health.

Take one (1) capsule daily, without food in the morning, or as directed by your healthcare professional. Consult your healthcare professional before taking any dietary supplement, if you are pregnant, nursing, or taking any medication. Keep out of reach of children.
Store in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight. Do not use if tamper-evident packaging is broken or missing.
Resveratrol: Its Multifaceted Health Benefits and Therapeutic Potential*
Resveratrol, a naturally occurring compound found in various plants, particularly in the skin of red grapes, peanuts, and berries, has gained significant attention because of its diverse health benefits and potential therapeutic applications. (1, 2) This review aims to explore the current understanding of the biological activities of resveratrol, its mechanisms of action, and potential clinical applications, as well as the challenges and future directions of resveratrol research.
Chemical Structure and Sources
Resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) is a stilbenoid compound that exists in two isomeric forms: cis-resveratrol and trans-resveratrol, with the trans form being more stable and biologically active. (2, 3) The compound’s chemical structure consists of two phenol rings connected by a double styrene bond, which contributes to its unique properties and biological activities. (4) Primary dietary sources include red wine, grape juice, peanuts, blueberries, and cranberries. (2, 3) The concentration of resveratrol in these sources can vary significantly depending on factors such as plant variety, growing conditions, and processing methods. (5)
Biological Activities and Mechanisms of Action
Resveratrol exhibits a wide range of biological functions, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, and neuroprotective potential.* (2, 6, 7) Its mechanism of action involves modulating diverse targets and signaling pathways, affecting all three stages of carcinogenesis: initiation, promotion, and progression.* (8, 9)
Antioxidant Properties: The compound’s antioxidant properties are particularly noteworthy, as it acts as a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent that protects cells from oxidative stress. (10, 6) Resveratrol can directly scavenge free radicals that are harmful to DNA, and enhance the expression of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase which eliminate free radicals. (11)
Anti-inflammatory Effects*: Resveratrol exerts its anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting pro-inflammatory mediators and modulating inflammatory signaling pathways. (12) It has been shown to suppress the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), a key transcription factor involved in inflammation. (13) Inflammation can significantly impact overall health and well-being through various detrimental effects on the body. These symptoms include tissue damage, organ dysfunction, pain, swelling, and reduced mobility. Chronic inflammation is associated with an increased risk of serious diseases such as cardiovascular problems, diabetes, and cancer.* It can also compromise the immune function, leading to fatigue, cognitive decline, and insulin resistance. Additionally, inflammation may cause joint deterioration, gastrointestinal issues, and skin conditions, and accelerate the aging process. Given these wide-ranging effects, effective management of inflammation is crucial for maintaining good health and preventing long-term complications. (14, 15, 16, 17)
Modulation of Cell Signaling: Resveratrol modulates multiple signaling pathways involved in cell survival and neuronal adaptability. (18) It activates sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a NAD+-dependent deacetylase that plays a crucial role in cellular metabolism, stress resistance, and longevity. (19) Additionally, resveratrol influences the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway, which regulates energy homeostasis (energy regulation) and metabolism. (20)
Epigenetic Regulation: Recent studies have highlighted the ability of resveratrol to modulate epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs. (21) These epigenetic effects may contribute to its diverse biological activities and potential therapeutic applications. Epigenetic regulation plays a crucial role in human health and development throughout the lifespan. It is essential for normal development, cellular function, and gene expression regulation. (22) Epigenetic mechanisms are particularly important in the nervous system, regulating neuronal gene expression, DNA damage, genome stability, and higher-level cognitive behaviors such as learning and memory. (23) Interestingly, epigenetic regulation extends beyond individual development, potentially impacting future generations. Environmental stresses experienced by older generations may predispose subsequent generations to disease through the transgenerational inheritance of epigenetic information. (22) This concept is supported by epidemiological studies in humans exposed to famine, stress/trauma, or toxicants, which have shown that parental exposure can affect the health of descendants sometimes across several generations. (24)
Health Benefits and Potential Therapeutic Applications
Cardiovascular Health: Resveratrol has shown promise in improving cardiovascular health through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. (25) It has been associated with the “French Paradox,” which refers to the observation that French people have lower rates of cardiovascular disease despite consuming a high-fat diet.* (5, 26) Resveratrol’s cardioprotective effects include improving vascular health, reducing blood pressure, inhibiting platelet aggregation, and modulating lipid metabolism. (27, 28)
Neuroprotection: Studies have demonstrated resveratrol's neuroprotective properties in various neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and Huntington's disease.* (11, 12, 21) Its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier and influence brain activity makes it a promising candidate for further research. (29) Resveratrol’s neuroprotective effects are attributed to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as its ability to modulate neurotransmitter systems and the ability for the brain to adapt. (30)
Anti-carcinogenic Potential*: Resveratrol has shown potential in inhibiting proliferation of tumor cells.* (9) It induces apoptosis and inhibits proliferation, migration, and invasion of cancer cells.* (31, 32, 33) The compound’s anti-cancer effects are mediated through multiple mechanisms, including cell cycle arrest (stops the cell from dividing), induction of apoptosis (cell death), inhibition of angiogenesis (formation of blood vessles), and modulation of epigenetic factors.* (34) Resveratrol has shown promising results in various cancer types, including breast, colon, prostate, and lung cancers (35), yet further research is needed to understand its potential as an anti-carcinogen.*
Metabolic Health: Research has indicated potential benefits of resveratrol in improving metabolic health, including effects on diabetes and obesity. (7, 36) Resveratrol has been shown to improve insulin sensitivity, reduce blood glucose levels, and enhance mitochondrial function. (37) In obesity, resveratrol may help reduce adipogenesis (fat cell formation), promote fat breakdown, and modulate adipokine (fat cell) production. (38)
Longevity and Anti-aging: While some studies suggest potential anti-aging properties of resveratrol, its effects on mammalian lifespan remain inconclusive. (39, 40, 41) Resveratrol’s ability to activate SIRT1 and mimic calorie restriction has sparked interest in its potential to promote longevity. (42) However, translation of these effects from animal models to humans requires further investigation.
Skin Health: Emerging research suggests that resveratrol may have beneficial effects on skin health and aging. (43) Its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties may help protect the skin from UV-induced damage, reduce wrinkle formation, and improve skin elasticity. (44)
Conclusion
Resveratrol is a versatile compound with a wide range of biological activities and potential therapeutic applications. Its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and modulatory effects on various signaling pathways make it a promising candidate for the prevention and treatment of numerous health conditions. While preclinical evidence is promising, further research is needed to overcome challenges related to bioavailability, as well as establish the full range of its efficacy in clinical settings. As our understanding of resveratrol’s mechanisms of action and pharmacokinetics continues to grow, it may pave the way for novel therapeutic strategies for the management of chronic diseases and the promotion of healthy aging.
*This literature review has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration, and therefore the information contained herein is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. According to the FDA, only drugs can make those claims.
References
1. Galiniak, S., Aebisher, D. & Bartusik-Aebisher, D. Health benefits of resveratrol administration. Acta Biochimica Polonica 66, (2019).
2. Koushki, M., Amiri‐Dashatan, N., Abbaszadeh, H., Rezaei‐Tavirani, M. & Ahmadi, N. Resveratrol: A miraculous natural compound for diseases treatment. Food Science & Nutrition 6, 2473–2490 (2018).
3. Davidov-Pardo, G. & Mcclements, D. J. Resveratrol encapsulation: Designing delivery systems to overcome solubility, stability and bioavailability issues. Trends in Food Science & Technology 38, 88–103 (2014).
4. Gerszon, J., Rodacka, A. & Puchała, M. Antioxidant Properties of Resveratrol and its Protective Effects in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Advances in Cell Biology 4, 97–117 (2014).
5. Cho, S. et al. Cardiovascular Protective Effects and Clinical Applications of Resveratrol. Journal of Medicinal Food 20, 323–334 (2017).
6. Das, M. & Das, D. K. Resveratrol and cardiovascular health. Molecular Aspects of Medicine 31, 503–512 (2010).
7. Meng, X., Li, H.-B., Zhao, C.-N., Gan, R.-Y. & Zhou, J. Health Benefits and Molecular Mechanisms of Resveratrol: A Narrative Review. Foods 9, 340 (2020).
8. Ahmadi, R. & Ebrahimzadeh, M. A. Resveratrol – A comprehensive review of recent advances in anticancer drug design and development. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 200, 112356 (2020).
9. Bishayee, A. Cancer Prevention and Treatment with Resveratrol: From Rodent Studies to Clinical Trials. Cancer Prevention Research 2, 409–418 (2009).
10. Abu-Amero, K., Chalam, K. & Kondkar, A. Resveratrol and Ophthalmic Diseases. Nutrients 8, 200 (2016).
11. Subhan, I. & Siddique, Y. H. Resveratrol: Protective Agent Against Alzheimer’s Disease. Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry 24, 249–263 (2024).
12. Maher, P. et al. ERK activation by the polyphenols fisetin and resveratrol provides neuroprotection in multiple models of Huntington’s disease. Human Molecular Genetics 20, 261–270 (2010).
13. Rocha‐González, H. I., Ambriz‐Tututi, M. & Granados‐Soto, V. Resveratrol: A Natural Compound with Pharmacological Potential in Neurodegenerative Diseases. CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics 14, 234–247 (2008).
14. Landskron, G., Thuwajit, P., Thuwajit, C., De La Fuente, M. & Hermoso, M. A. Chronic inflammation and cytokines in the tumor microenvironment. Journal of Immunology Research 2014, 1–19 (2014).
15. Cifuentes, M. et al. Low-Grade Chronic Inflammation: a Shared Mechanism for Chronic Diseases. Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) 40, 4–25 (2024).
16. Verinaud, L. et al. Violacein Treatment Modulates Acute and Chronic Inflammation through the Suppression of Cytokine Production and Induction of Regulatory T Cells. PloS one 10, e0125409 (2015).
17. Arulselvan, P. et al. Role of Antioxidants and Natural Products in Inflammation. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2016, 1–15 (2016).
18. Cicero, A. F. G., Ruscica, M. & Banach, M. Resveratrol and cognitive decline: a clinician perspective. Archives of Medical Science 15, 936–943 (2019).
19. Pasinetti, G. M. et al. Neuroprotective and metabolic effects of resveratrol: Therapeutic implications for Huntington’s disease and other neurodegenerative disorders. Experimental Neurology 232, 1–6 (2011).
20. Peñalver, P. et al. Alkylated resveratrol prodrugs and metabolites as potential therapeutics for neurodegenerative diseases. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 146, 123–138 (2018).
21. Lu, K.-T. et al. Neuroprotective Effects of Resveratrol on MPTP-Induced Neuron Loss Mediated by Free Radical Scavenging. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 56, 6910–6913 (2008).
22. Brookes, E. & Shi, Y. Diverse epigenetic mechanisms of human disease. Annual Review of Genetics 48, 237–268 (2014).
23. Rudenko, A. & Tsai, L.-H. Epigenetic modifications in the nervous system and their impact upon cognitive impairments. Neuropharmacology 80, 70–82 (2014).
24. Jawaid, A., Jehle, K.-L. & Mansuy, I. M. Impact of Parental Exposure on Offspring Health in Humans. Trends in Genetics 37, 373–388 (2020).
25. Banez, M. J. et al. A systemic review on the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of resveratrol, curcumin, and dietary nitric oxide supplementation on human cardiovascular health. Nutrition Research 78, 11–26 (2020).
26. Pastor, R. F. et al. Resveratrol, human health and winemaking perspectives. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 59, 1237–1255 (2017).
27. Anandhan, A. et al. Resveratrol attenuates oxidative stress and improves behaviour in 1 -methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) challenged mice. Annals of neurosciences 17, (2010).
28. Jin, F., Wu, Q., Lu, Y.-F., Gong, Q.-H. & Shi, J.-S. Neuroprotective effect of resveratrol on 6-OHDA-induced Parkinson’s disease in rats. European Journal of Pharmacology 600, 78–82 (2008).
29. Lange, K. W. & Li, S. Resveratrol, pterostilbene, and dementia. BioFactors 44, 83–90 (2017).
30. Lin, T.-K. et al. Resveratrol Partially Prevents Rotenone-Induced Neurotoxicity in Dopaminergic SH-SY5Y Cells through Induction of Heme Oxygenase-1 Dependent Autophagy. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 15, 1625–1646 (2014).
31. Dai, H. et al. Resveratrol inhibits the malignant progression of hepatocellular carcinoma via MARCH1-induced regulation of PTEN/AKT signaling. Aging 12, 11717–11731 (2020).
32. Ma, Y.-S. et al. Research Progress in Elucidating the Mechanisms Underlying Resveratrol Action on Lung Cancer. Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology 24, 427–437 (2023).
33. Whyte, L., Torres, K., Huang, Y.-Y. & Mehta, R. G. Molecular Mechanisms of Resveratrol Action in Lung Cancer Cells Using Dual Protein and Microarray Analyses. Cancer Research 67, 12007–12017 (2007).
34. Madrigal-Perez, L. & Ramos-Gomez, M. Resveratrol Inhibition of Cellular Respiration: New Paradigm for an Old Mechanism. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 17, 368 (2016).
35. Varoni, E. M., Lo Faro, A. F., Sharifi-Rad, J. & Iriti, M. Anticancer Molecular Mechanisms of Resveratrol. Frontiers in Nutrition 3, (2016).
36. Christenson, J. et al. The Effects of Resveratrol Supplementation in Overweight and Obese Humans: A Systematic Review of Randomized Trials. Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders 14, 323–333 (2016).
37. Li, Q.-S., Li, Y., Deora, G. S. & Ruan, B.-F. Derivatives and Analogues of Resveratrol: Recent Advances in Structural Modification. Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry 19, 809–825 (2019).
38. Neves, A. R., Reis, S., Amenitsch, H. & Nunes, C. Effects of resveratrol on the structure and fluidity of lipid bilayers: a membrane biophysical study. Soft Matter 12, 2118–2126 (2016).
39. Das, D. K., Ray, D. & Mukherjee, S. Resveratrol and red wine, healthy heart and longevity. Heart Failure Reviews 15, 467–477 (2010).
40. Li, J., Liu, Y.-M., Chen, K.-L., Chen, G. & Zhang, C.-X. A comparative study of anti-aging properties and mechanism: resveratrol and caloric restriction. Oncotarget 8, 65717–65729 (2017).
41. Porquet, D. et al. Dietary resveratrol prevents Alzheimer’s markers and increases life span in SAMP8. AGE 35, 1851–1865 (2012).
42. Aldawsari, F. S. et al. Resveratrol-salicylate derivatives as selective DNMT3 inhibitors and anticancer agents. Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry 31, 695–703 (2015).
43. Lagunas-Rangel, F. A. Prediction of resveratrol target proteins: a bioinformatics analysis. Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics 42, 1088–1097 (2023).
44. Chung, J. Y., Jeong, J.-H. & Song, J. Resveratrol Modulates the Gut-Brain Axis: Focus on Glucagon-Like Peptide-1, 5-HT, and Gut Microbiota. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience 12, (2020).